剑雅17阅读真题Test4 Passage3原文

剑桥17一共收集了雅思真题4套，下文羊驼小编整理了剑雅17第四套阅读真题原文Test 4 Reading Passage 3，以下是阅读部分第三篇文章Passage 3的文章原文及参考译文，供各位烤鸭们复习参考。想要了解更多关于剑雅17听力和阅读真题答案及解析的考生可查看剑雅17听力阅读真题答案及解析汇总，为助力各位烤鸭们备考雅思，羊驼教育雅思APP推出剑桥雅思真题及答案解析视频，可在羊驼雅思APP课程一栏获取剑桥雅思系列的视频信息。

READING PASSAGE  3

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27–40, which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.

Timur Gareyev – blindfold chess champion

A     Next month, a chessplayer named Timur Gareyev will take on nearly 50 opponents at once. But that is not the hard part. While his challengers will play the games as    normal, Gareyev himself will be blindfolded. Even by world record standards, it sets a high bar for human performance. The 28-year-old already stands out in the    rarefied world of blindfold chess. He has a fondness for bright clothes and unusual  hairstyles, and he gets his kicks from the adventuresport of BASE jumping. He has already proved himself a strong chessplayer, too. In a 10-hour chess marathon in   2013, Gareyev played 33 games in his head simultaneously. He won 29 and lost

none. The skill has become his brand: he calls himself the Blindfold King.

B     But Gareyev’s prowess has drawn interest from beyond the chess-playing

community. In the hope of understanding how he and others like him can perform such mental feats, researchers at the University of California in Los Angeles (UCLA) called him in for tests. They now have their first results. ‘The ability to play a game of chess with your eyes closed is not a far reach for most accomplished

players,’ said Jesse Rissman, who runs a memory lab at UCLA. ‘But the thing that’s so remarkable about Timur and a few other individuals is the number of games they can keep active at once. To me it is simply astonishing.’

C     Gareyev learned to play chess in his native Uzbekistan when he was six years old. Tutored by his grandfather, he entered his first tournament aged eight and soon became obsessed with competitions. At 16, he was crowned Asia’s youngest ever chess grandmaster. He moved to the US soon after, and as a student helped his   university win its first national chess championship. In 2013, Gareyev was ranked  the third best chessplayer in the US.

D     To the uninitiated, blindfold chess seems to call for superhuman skill. But displays of the feat go back centuries. The first recorded game in Europe was played in 13th-century Florence. In 1947, the Argentinian grandmaster Miguel Najdorf played 45 simultaneous games in his mind, winning 39 in the 24-hour session.

E     Accomplished players can develop the skill of playing blind even without realising it. The nature of the game is to run through possible moves in the mind to see how they play out. From this, regular players develop a memory for the patterns the pieces make, the defences and attacks. ‘You recreate it in your mind,’ said

Gareyev. ‘A lot of players are capable of doing what I’m doing.’ The real mental    challenge comes from playing multiple games at once in the head. Not only must the positions of each piece on every board be memorised, they must be recalled faithfully when needed, updated with each player’s moves, and then reliably stored again, so the brain can move on to the next board. First moves can be tough to remember because they are fairly uninteresting. But the ends of games are taxing too, as exhaustion sets in. When Gareyev is tired, his recall can get patchy. He sometimes makes moves based on only a fragmented memory of the pieces’ positions.

F     The scientists first had Gareyev perform some standard memory tests. These assessed his ability to hold numbers, pictures and words in mind. One classic test  measures how many numbers a person can repeat, both forwards and backwards, soon after hearing them. Most people manage about seven. ‘He was not

exceptional on any of these standard tests,’ said Rissman. ‘We didn’tfind anything other than playing chess that he seems to be supremely gifted at.’ But next came the brain scans. With Gareyev lying down in the machine, Rissman looked at how well connected the various regions of the chessplayer’s brain were. Though the results are tentative and as yet unpublished, the scans found much greater than average communication between parts of Gareyev’s brain that make up what is called the frontoparietal control network. Of 63 people scanned alongside the chess player, only one or two scored more highly on the measure. ‘You use this network in almost any complex task. It helps you to allocate attention, keep rules in mind, and   workout whether you should be responding or not,’ said Rissman.

G     It was not the only hint of something special in Gareyev’s brain. The scans also

suggest that Gareyev’s visual network is more highly connected to other brain parts than usual. Initial results suggest that the areas of his brain that process visual images – such as chessboards – may have stronger links to other brain regions,and so be more powerful than normal. While the analyses are not finalised yet, they may hold the first clues to Gareyev’s extraordinary ability.

H     For the world record attempt, Gareyev hopes to play 47 blindfold games at once in about 16 hours. He will need to win 80% to claim the title. ‘I don’t worry too much   about the winning percentage, that’s never been an issue forme,’ he said. ‘The most important part of blindfold chess for me is that I have found the one thing that I can fully dedicate myself to. I miss having an obsession.’

剑雅17参考译文

Timur    Gareyev-蒙眼国际象棋冠军

A 下个月，国际象棋棋手Timur Gareyev将同时与近50个对手对战。但这不是 困难的部分。虽然他的挑战者将照常参加比赛，但Gareyev  本人将被蒙上眼睛。 即使按照世界纪录标准，这场比赛也为人类的表现设定了很高的标准。这位28 岁的棋手已经在蒙眼国际象棋这一罕见领域中崭露头角。他喜欢鲜艳的衣服和不 寻常的发型，他从定点跳伞冒险运动中获得了乐趣。他也已经证明了自己是一名 强大的棋手。在2013年的10小时国际象棋马拉松比赛中，areyev  同时在脑海中 下了33盘棋。他赢了29场，没有输棋。这项技能已成为他的标签：他称自己 为蒙眼之王。

B 但 Gareyev 的实力已经引起了国际象棋界以外的兴趣。为了了解他和其他像他 一样的人如何能够完成这样的智力壮举，洛杉矶加利福尼亚大学(UCLA)   的研 究人员对他进行了测试。他们现在有了第一个结果。‘对大多数有成就的棋手来 说，闭着眼睛下棋的能力并不难，"加州大学洛杉矶分校记忆实验室的负责人Jesse Rissman 说。”但Timur 和其他几个人的非凡之处在于他们能够一次能同时参与的 游戏数量。对我来说，这简直令人惊讶。

C  Gareyev六岁时在他的家乡乌兹别克斯坦学了下棋。在祖父的指导下，他在8 岁时参加了他的第一次比赛，并很快沉迷于比赛。16岁时，他被授予亚洲有史 以来最年轻的国际象棋大师称号。不久之后，他移居美国，作为学生帮助他的大

学赢得了第一个全国国际象棋锦标赛。2013年，Gareyev  在美国国际象棋排名第三。

D 对于外行来说，蒙眼下棋似乎需要超人的技巧。但这一壮举的展示可以追溯 到几个世纪前。欧洲第一场有记录的比赛是在13世纪的佛罗伦萨进行的。1947 年，阿根廷特级大师Miguel   Najdorf在脑海中同时下了45盘棋，在24小时的比 赛中赢了39盘。

E 有成就的棋手甚至可以在不知不觉中培养出盲棋的技能。游戏的本质是在脑 海中运行可能的棋步，看看它们是如何进行的。通过这种方式，普通棋手对棋子 的模式、防守和攻击形成了记忆。‘你在你的脑海中重新创造它，'Gareyev 说 。 很多棋手都能做到我所做的事情。‘真正的心理挑战来自于在头脑中同时进行多 场比赛。不仅必须记住每个棋盘上每个棋子的位置，还必须在需要时忠实地回忆 起来，根据每个棋手的动作进行更新，然后再可靠地储存起来，这样大脑就可以 转到下一个棋盘。第一步棋可能很难记住，因为它们相当无趣。但是棋局的最后 阶段也很难，人开始感到疲惫。当Gareyev 疲劳时，他的记忆力会变得很差。他 有时仅凭棋子位置的碎片记忆就能下棋。

F 科学家们首先让Gareyev 进行了一些标准的记忆测试。这些测试评估了他记忆 数字、图片和文字的能力。 一个经典的测试是测量一个人在听到数字后，能够前 后重复多少个数字。大多数人能够做到大约7个。’他在这些标准测试中都没有 出众的表现，'Rissman  说。'除了下棋之外，我们没有发现任何他似乎具有超强 天赋的东西。’接下来是大脑扫描。Gareyev  躺在机器里，Rissman  观察了这位棋 手的大脑各区域的连接情况。虽然结果是实验性的，尚未发表，但扫描发现， Gareyev 大脑中构成所谓额叶控制网络的部分之间的交流远远大于平均水平。在 与这名棋手一起扫描的63人中，只有一两个人在测量中得分较高。‘你几乎在任 何复杂的任务中都会用到这个网络。它帮助你分配注意力，牢记规则，并确定你 是否应该做出反应， ’Rissman  说。

G 这并不是Gareyev  大脑中唯一的特殊迹象。扫描结果还表明，Gareyev    的视觉 网络与大脑其他部分的联系比平时更紧密。初步结果表明，他大脑中处理视觉图 像的区域      如棋盘      可能与其他大脑区域有更强的联系，因此比正常人更强 大。虽然分析结果还没有最终确定，但它们可能为Gareyev 的非凡能力提供了初 步线索。

H  为了创造世界纪录，Gareyev 希望在16个小时内同时进行47场蒙眼比赛。他 需要赢得80%的胜利才能获得冠军。他说：‘我不太担心胜率，这对我来说从来 不是一个问题。'对我来说，蒙眼棋最重要的部分是，我找到了一件可以全身心 投入的事情。我怀念那种痴迷'。